Aramaic word originating from a root meaning "to conclude, resolve" and "to learn"; it designates the body of work of the amoraim, those teachers who, by commenting upon and expanding the word of the Mishnah, contributed to the formation of the Talmud and were active both in Palestine and in Babylonia.
The text of the Talmud is indeed structured as follows: it features the passage of the Mishnah followed by the portion of Ghemara, which is the commentary and discussion concerning it.
Source: "Gli ebrei questi sconosciuti" by Elena Loewenthal